Bidirectional Texture Function
In this project, we investigate the visual appearance of real-world surfaces and the dependence of appearance on the illumination and imaging geometry. We present a new texture representation called the BTF (Bidirectional Texture Function) which captures the variation in texture with illumination and viewing direction. We have developed a BTF database with image textures from over 60 different samples, each observed with over 200 different combinations of viewing and illumination directions. A related quantity to the BTF is the familiar BRDF (Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function). The measurement methods involved in the BTF database are conducive to a simultaneous measurement of the BRDF. Hence, we also present a BRDF database with reflectance measurements for over 60 different samples, each observed with over 200 different combinations of viewing and illumination directions. Both of these databases (BTF and BRDF) are publicly available and have important implications for computer vision and computer graphics. We have also developed histogram and correlation models for representing BTFs and used these models to develop texture recognition algorithms that are invariant to illumination and viewing directions.

Publications

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Pictures

  Cover of ACM TOG:
This picture shows a cylinder rendered using texture mapping which assumes the texture to be two-dimensional (left column) and using an algorithm that assumes the texture to be three-dimensional (right column). These examples show why the bidirectional texture function is key to achieving photorealism in computer graphics.

Database

CURET: Reflectance and Texture Database

Related Projects

Oren-Nayar Reflectance Model

Appearance Matching

Multiresolution Histograms